Факултет АГРАРНО-ИНДУСТРИАЛЕНСерия 1.1 · Земеделска техника и технологии, аграрни науки и ветеринарна медицина. Ремонт и надеждност. Промишлен дизайн. Топлотехника, хидро- и пневмотехника. Екология и опазване на околната среда.

FRI-8.303b-1-AMT&ASVM-02

STATE OF THE PROBLEM WITH INTENSIVE RELEASE OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE WORLD AND IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA

Maya Zlatanova, PhD Student

Department of Agricultural Machinery “Angel Kanchev” University of Ruse

E-mail: mzlatanova@uni-ruse.bg

Prof. Petar Dimitrov, PhD, DSc

Department of Agricultural Machinery “Angel Kanchev” University of Ruse

ORCID: 0009-0000-5068-6686

E-mail: pdimitrov@uni-ruse.bg

Assoc. Prof. Kaloyan Stoyanov, PhD

Department of Agricultural Machinery “Angel Kanchev” University of Ruse

ORCID: 0009-0006-7894-3414

E-mail: kes@uni-ruse.bg

Abstract

The article examines the nature and importance of the most significant greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄), intensively released into the atmosphere, as well as their influence in the world and in Bulgaria on increasing the greenhouse effect and extreme climate change. The review and analysis of the data show that the six largest emitters of greenhouse gases in the world in 2022 are China, the United States, India, the EU-27, Russia and Brazil, representing 50.1% of the world population, 61.2% of global gross domestic product, 63.4% of global fossil fuel consumption and 61.6% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Changes in GHG emissions in Bulgaria have a downward trend and the analysis by economic sector illustrates that during the studied period, the largest source of pollution is the energy sector, and for Bulgaria it is significantly higher than for the EU. These emissions in 2022 total 58,420 Gg CO₂ eq. without taking into account the absorption from the LULUCF sector (land use, land use change and forestry). One of the directions that should be explored to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in our country is the energy sector.

Keywords

Greenhouse effect, greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), methane (CH₄), global warming

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