Факултет АГРАРНО-ИНДУСТРИАЛЕНСерия 1.1 · Земеделска техника и технологии, аграрни науки и ветеринарна медицина. Ремонт и надеждност. Промишлен дизайн. Топлотехника, хидро- и пневмотехника. Екология и опазване на околната среда.

FRI-8.303b-1-AMT&ASVM-06

THE ENTOMOFAUNA OF RYE UNDER CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING CONDITIONS

Assist. Prof. Evgeniya Zhekova, PhD

Institute of Agriculture and Seed Science “Obraztsov chiflik” - Ruse Agricultural Academy - Sofia

E-mail: e.d.zhekova@abv.bg

Abstract

Rye is the second most common cereal crop. Although it is less attacked by enemies, monitoring and identification are necessary to prevent losses. The farming system plays an important role in controlling the number of harmful and beneficial species in crops. The aim of the study is to establish the species composition of harmful and beneficial entomofauna, the dominant harmful species and their entomophagous, as well as the indices of biodiversity, evenness and similarity in rye crops grown under conditions of conventional and organic farming. The observations were conducted in 2022 and 2024 in the experimental field of the IASS “Obraztsov Chiflik” - Ruse. It was found that rye is a host to insects from seven orders. Harmful species of economic importance in both cultivation systems are the spring grain aphid /Schizaphis graminum Rond./ and the cereal leaf beetle /Lema melanopus L./, but since their density does not exceed the economic threshold level and there are enough beneficial insects, it can be concluded that the state of natural equilibrium is preserved. Biodiversity is at normal levels and the uniformity index allows the elements of the balance to be protected.

Keywords

Rye, Entomofauna, Conventional farming, Organic farming

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